Party Elections Essays

Party Elections Essays Party Elections Essay Party Elections Essay Party Elections BY Mikebd28 Party Driven Elections Political parties are the driving force behind elections in the United States. Since the Reconstruction, no third-party candidate has even been close in winning the Presidential Race (Schattschneider 186). Also since then, only 163 third-party candidates have been elected to government office without being affiliated to the two major parties( Schattschneider 189). George Washington was the only man to be President as a true independent. Many people may look at this and think that if Washington did this, maybe the system should be changed. But the fact is unless the system is changed, the United States will most likely always be controlled by only two parties. Ever since this country was created it has been governed by two parties. Originating with the Federalist and the Anti-Federalists, advancing to todays Republicans and Democrats (Domino 705). A party has almost always claimed at least a 50 percent majority in Congress. Never has any third party risen to power and stayed there, without bringing another party down from power. The longest leading parties in history are the Republican and Democratic Parties (Domino 707). While the arties stances on issues may have developed, their core beliefs have never changed. Republicans have always been in favor of a decentralized government, while the Democrats have always supported a centralized government. Some examples would be Obamacare for liberals, and tax cuts for the conservatives. But not everyone supports all issues of his or her parties platform. Many prominent leaders ally for the most part with their respective party, but sometimes disagree on a prominent issues. Sometimes a leader claims to hail from one party, but almost entirely disagree with the party on many issues. Ron Paul is a perfect example of a man who does not believe in his partys values. Paul was a presidential nominee, whose values reflect many strong liberal views. But Paul ran as a Republican and got beaten soundly. Mitt Romney is another man who has not always believed in his party values. Romney has changed many of his positions over time to gain conservative votes. Both man serve as examples of what happens if one does not, and what happens when one does follow the party. Paul did not changes his views; therefore, he stood no chance. Romney did, and because of that he was the GOP candidate. The United State is a a two party form our government, purely because of how elections are set up. When the votes are tallied and winners are selected, it is on a winner take all basis (Schattschneider 786). In presidential elections if Republicans win 50 percent of the vote, and the rival democrats win 49 percent, all votes are allocated to the Republicans. This form of government, is one in which majority rules. This alone cripples any form of third party rise to power. Even if third parties have a very strong showing, they cannot possibly ever win. They can only make a difference in who ends up winning. Many times they draw votes away from one of the said to be about 33 percent Republican, 33 percent Democrat, and 33 percent independent. It is not mathematically feasible for a third party to rival the two parties. The reason is because the 33 percent independents are made up of so many different beliefs, ideas, and values; and stemming from that no third party could surpass at most 15 percent of the population (McArdle 1823). New parties face many challenges and for one to rise, another would have to fall. This stems from Independents actually having a stronger voting bias, as opposed to omeone who is a moderate towards a party. Therefore, it is not possible to have a third party if almost every person always leans towards one side or the other. For the rise of a new party to occur, many different things would have to happen. The most important change would be to combine independents along with people from either one or both parties, either crippling one or both parties. If a new party rose to power, it is likely that a second would follow replacing both original powers (Wald 41). This is what has occurred in the past with the fall of the federalists, Whigs, and many more. The main reason for the rise and decline is how the issues evolve and change over time. In the 1800s gay marriage was not a big topic issue at all. Today, it is splitting people apart and is a leading issue for political parties. Currently, there is a division of Republicans called the Tea Party. They are very conservative and are gaining momentum all over the country. They have gotten many candidates elected and are starting to make a big difference in many races. They will most likely settle the issues with Republicans as a whole, but this shows how a small party can grow and gain power. These parties can heavily influence elections, even hough they have no chance at winning. They will attract many independent votes, as well as taking other support from candidates. This is crucial because if it takes enough away from a candidate, it can swing the election in a different direction. For there to be more then two top parties we would need a different form of voting. The country would have to switch to a system like Israel and Germany. They have elections, and each percentage of the vote gets something in return (Schattschneider 184). For example, if the Republicans get 35 percent, the Democrats get 30 percent, the Green Party gets 20 percent, and the U. S. Taxpayers get 10 percent, would allocate votes according to percentage. Because of this system, it elects a party and not necessary the best man for the lob. If Abraham Lincoln ran today as a U. S. Taxpayer, or John F. Kennedy as a Green Party member, neither wold have any chance at winning. Obviously, it is not because the men are not capable to be President. It is merely that they lack the party to back them. When running for President, the candidate would need to have the perfect storm to be elected. One would need the full support of the party, strong financial backing, and the opposing party needs to be lacking popular support. If the opposition is lacking the popular support, it leaves the independent vote open to win (Mera 126). It is almost impossible to win without getting independent votes. Since each party is almost equally split, this voting area is crucial. nonetheless it has an impact. This is focusing more on the future and how they will vote. This is important for the future of the party, rather than one election. Colleges are notorious for being extremely liberal. This makes an age group that is very left leaning. President Obama won the young vote 70-30 percent (Mera 120). All of these aspects add up to decide who will win the election. In 2008, John McCain had no chance of winning the election. At the time, Republican were losing the control of the government. In that year the Democrats took control of the Senate, the House, and the White House (Lioz 21). This expresses that the country felt Republicans were responsible for the current situation in America. When parties are held responsible, as a whole, it does not matter who the candidate is. The chances of the old party winning are very unlikely in a close election. Elections are hard fought and played on a winner take all basis. Because of how they operate, they are very comparable to football games. There normally is a census of who will be victorious. Also, name recognition and talent are always big factors. In 2007 Appalachian State beat the fifth ranked team in the country for one of the biggest upsets of all time. In politics it is very similar, but very different in numerous ways. Name recognition can get a candidate far, but who had heard of Obama before 2007. Four years before Obama was elected President, he was serving in the State Senate of Illinois (Finkel 29). He decided to run for U. S. Senate after a failed bid for the Congressional seat of his district. The man he was running against was very well nown, and Obama was given little chance. He won because his opponent had a major scandal revealed during the campaign. After Obama had been a U. S. Senator for three year, he decided to run for President (Pope 326). His opponent was a war hero, and a popular, long serving Senator. John McCain had everything Obama did not going into the election, except for one major thing. Obama was a Democrat, and McCain was a Republican. President George W. Bush had Just finished his second term as President and held an extremely low popularity rating. The economy is the U. S. was in a recession, and America was at war in multiple countries. If the tide was reversed and the Democrats were the ones leaving the White House, McCain would have won fairly easily. But Obama crushed his more well known, and experienced opponent. In 1992, Ross Perot ran for President as an Independent. He represented a change in America and promised things would be different under him. He generated strong momentum and therefore was considered to be the first third party candidate to have a chance of winning in a very long time. Perot failed to win more then 20 percent of the vote and failed to win a single state or electoral vote. The election outcome was Bill Clinton arrowly defeating President Bush Sr. (Whitehead 16). This goes back to the earlier point that a third party has no chance of winning, but they can decide who will end up winning. If Perot never ran, President Bush likely would have won a second term. Perots views were similar to the Presidents but leaning more to the middle. So voters who would have voted for Bush, voted for Perot, and Clinton claimed the White Abraham Lincoln ran against Stephen A. Douglas many times in different elections. Douglas beat Lincoln every time. In 1858, this all changed when the two men ran against one an other for the Presidency (Develder 17). Douglas had more name recognition and better financing, but this time there was not a party in trouble. Instead, there was a party on the rise. The Republican Party was brand new and attracted many new followers. Lincoln was running against three other men, all whom had more name recognition. Lincolns name was not even on 10 of the 15 southern states ballots. But when all the votes were counted, he won the election in a land slide (Develder 19). All of these examples in history show that it comes down to parties. With the new era of today, new issues are coming to light every day. Thirty-Five ears ago, no laws existed against cybercrimes. Todays world has many complex issues, that still tear the country apart. This is why in the future a new party may rise. If a new party does rise, it is a sure bet they will gain control of the government. America is ruled by momentum and the current day climate. Without being in a party where the common census is favorable, the candidate has no chance to win. This is why many people wait for the right time to run for office. If the candidate runs at the wrong time, the person might not Just lose, it might end all other opportunities at running at all. No one man can win and take complete control over this country. Our government was created for this exact reason. The Founding Fathers were terrified of a king rising to power. They set the government up in the only way they could, they made it so majority always rules. This is why no third party candidate has a chance and why no one party will ever be the sole entity of power in the United State. This country will always change, but it will also continue to thrive in being competitive. Works cited university Law journal (2012): 701-09. 18 NOV. 2012. web. 08 Dec. 2012. Develder, Carla J. Election Law: Careers at the Intersection of Law and politics. Student Lawyer (2012): 14-97. web. 18 NOV. 012. Schattschneider, E. E. Party Government. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1942. 173-204. print. Finkel, Ed. On the Campaign Trail 2012. Student Lawyer (2012): 27-41. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. Lioz, Adam. Democracy at Stake: Political Equality in the Super PAC Era. Human Rights Era (2012): 15-36. web. 18 NOV. 2012. McArdle, Andrea. The Increasingly Fractious Politics of Nonpartisan Judicial Selection: Acco untability Challenges to Merit-Based Reform. Albany Law Review (2012): 1799-2163. web. 18 NOV. 2012. Pope, Daniel. American Radicalism. New York: Blackwell, 2001. 26-331 Print Wald, Kenneth. Religion and Politics in the United States. New York: Lanham,Rowman Littlefield, 2003. 34-59. print. Whitehead, Tom. The anti-politics voters. Daily Telegraph (2012): 1-19. Web. 19 Nov. Mera, Scott. Youth Political Participation: Bridging Activism and Electoral politics. Annual Review of sociology (2012): 119-141 . web. 18 NOV. 2012. Works cited Revised Golding, William. Lord of the Flies. New York: Coward-McCann, 1962. Print. Twain, Mark, Ilknur Altun, and M. All. Ayyildiz. Huckle Berry Finn. Istanbul: Kapadokya ELT, 2004. Print. Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. New York: Anchor, 1994. Print. Orwell, George. 1984: A Novel. New York, NY: Published by Signet Classic, 1977. Print. Morgenstern, Erin. The Night Circus: A Novel. New York: Doubleday, 2011. Print. Egan, Jennifer. A Visit from the Goon Squad. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010. Print. Erdrich, Louise. The round House. New York, NY: Harper, 2012. Print. Orwell, George. Animal Farm;. New 2003. print. Meyer, Stephenie. The Host: A Novel. New York: Little, Brown, 2008. Print. Paolini, Christopher. Eragon. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003. Print. Owen, Mark, and Kevin Maurer. No Easy Day: The Autobiography of a Navvy Seal : The Firsthand Account of the Mission That Killed Osama Bin Laden. Detroit [Mich. : Thorndike, 2012. Print. Bowden, Mark. Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War. New York: Little,Bown, 1999. Print. Luttrell, Marcus, and Patrick Robinson. Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of SEAL Team 10. New York: Little, Brown, 2007. Print. McMurtry, Larry. Lonesome Dove: A Novel. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985. print. IDEA: Elections Thesis: Political parties are the driving factors in our government. l. Introduction A. Ever since our country was created, it has been ruled by two political parties. 1. Whigs, federalists, anti: Republicans always want less government 2. Democrats have always supported a stronger federal government C. Just because a man is from a party, does not mean he agrees with all party views. 1. Romneys changes 2. John Kerrys changes 3. Ron Pauls liberal views II. All U. S. Politics are reliant on the two party systems A. Congress 1. Two independents in total for both the House and the Senate 2. Lieberman B. 33% Identify for Republicans, 33% Identify for Democrats, 33% Identify as Independents. C. Independents are not true Independents 1 . Study on leaning toward a side. 2. Moderate Republicans and Democrats. Ill. Our country is a two party form of government, because of how elections are set up. A. Winner take all. 1. 50% Republicans, 49% Democrats a. ) all votes would go to Republicans B. Reason why we have no strong 3rd party. C. What would happen if a third party rose to power 1. 1992 Presidential Election 2. Tea Party V. If any President would have run as a third-party candidate, he would have lost. A. Elections do not come down to who is the best man. It comes down to party support(funding, votes) Name recognition, controlling party of current government, and how that controlling party is doing. 1. 1992 Elections 2. Ralph Nader 3. Abraham Lincoln 4. 2006 Democrat takeover(timing and why) B. Why Joe Liberman won as Independent but not a Democratic 1. Lost in Democratic primary 2. received Republican support to win Re-election, but as an Independent. V. Closing A. Future Predictions 1 . Younger Voters a. ) Social and Fiscal Issue

Book Comparison-Ultra-Marine and My Papas Waltz

Book Comparison-Ultra-Marine and My Papas Waltz Similar Themes, Different StylesIn Raymond Carver's "Ultra-Marine", the reader witnesses his despair and depression on his outlook of life. He is lonely and somewhat angry about the things happening in his life. He sees no hope for the future and all his memories are that of sadness, pain and unrealized dreams. Carver's use of metaphors conveys his outlook of life. In "My Papa's Waltz" by Theodore Roethke, the poet is able to convey the idea of child abuse through the imagery that he uses in his poems. In his poem he portrays the relationship between the father and son. Although the father shows his love violently, the son is there when the father needs him. Even though Carver and Roethke have different styles, they are able to convey the same themes of loneliness, desperateness and anger."My Papa's Waltz" has different interpretations, though looking closely at each stanza one is able to see the parental abuse hidden under the poet's words.Raymond Carver

Hallstatt Culture - Early European Iron Age Culture

Hallstatt Culture - Early European Iron Age Culture The Hallstatt Culture (~800-450 BC) is what archaeologists call the early Iron Age groups of central Europe. These groups were truly independent of one another, politically, but they were interconnected by a vast, extant trading network such that the material culturetools, kitchenware, housing style, farming techniqueswere similar across the region. Hallstatt Culture Roots At the end of the Urnfield stage of the Late Bronze Age, ca. 800 BC, the central Europeans were mostly farmers (herding and growing crops). The Hallstatt culture included an area between central France to western Hungary and from the Alps to central Poland. The term includes many different unrelated regional groups, who used the same set of material culture because of a strong network of trade and exchange. By 600 BC, iron tools spread into northern Britain and Scandinavia; elites concentrated in western and central Europe. The Hallstatt elites became concentrated within a zone between what is now the Burgundy region of eastern France and southern Germany. These elites were powerful and located in at least 16 hillforts called seats of power or fà ¼rstensitz. Hallstatt Culture and Hillforts Hillforts such as Heuneburg, Hohenasberg, Wurzburg, Breisach, Vix, Hochdorf, Camp de Chassey and Mont Lassois have substantial fortifications in the form of bank-and-ditch defense. At least tenuous connections with the Mediterranean Greek and Etruscan civilizations are in evidence at the hillforts and some non-hillfort settlements. Burials were stratified with a few extremely richly outfitted chamber graves surrounded by up to a hundred or so secondary burials. Two dated to the Hallstatt which contain clear connections with Mediterranean imports are Vix (France), where an elite female burial contained a huge Greek krater; and Hochdorf (Germany), with three gold-mounted drinking horns and a large Greek cauldron for mead. Hallstatt elites clearly had a taste for Mediterranean wines, with numerous amphorae from Massalia (Marseille), bronze vessels and Attic pottery recovered from many fà ¼rstensitze. One distinctive trait of Hallstatt elite sites was vehicle burials. Bodies were placed in a timber-lined pit along with the ceremonial four-wheeled vehicle and the horse gearbut not the horsesthat were used to move the body to the grave. The carts often had elaborate iron wheels with multiple spokes and iron studs. Read more about hillforts Read more about Heuneburg Sources Bujnal J. 1991. Approach to the study of the Late Hallstatt and Early La Tà ¨ne periods in eastern parts of Central Europe: results from ​comparative classification of Knickwandschale. Antiquity 65:368-375. Cunliffe B. 2008. The Three Hundred Years that Changed the World: 800-500 BC. Chapter 9 in Europe Between the Oceans. Themes and Variations: 9000 BC-AD 1000. New Haven: Yale University Press. p, 270-316 Marciniak A. 2008. Europe, Central and Eastern. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 1199-1210. Wells PS. 2008. Europe, Northern and Western: Iron Age. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. London: Elsevier Inc. p 1230-1240.

Pollution Due to Vehicular Emissions Case Study

Pollution Due to Vehicular Emissions - Case Study Example It changed from a colonial headquarters to a national capital. It was suddenly the most important and active center for governance, commerce, industry, culture and education. The consequent rise in population and economic activity resulted in the city's unprecedented growth. With civic amenities not being able to keep pace with the city's expansion in terms of population, vehicles, loss of green cover and so on, pollution rose and touched alarming levels. The state government along with non-government organizations and concerned citizens including school children has been aware for some time now about the urgency of keeping pollution under control. Some measures have been taken though the battle against pollution is still far from won. This paper examines the problem of pollution caused by vehicular emissions in the Indian Capital of New Delhi. The steps taken to control it, subsequent results and future intentions are discussed briefly. According to the White Paper on Pollution in Delhi, 1997, 67% of the total air pollution can be attributed to vehicular emissions. The phenomenal increase in number of vehicles in Delhi can be best appreciated when one is confronted with actual numbers. According to the same paper it is learnt that number of vehicles in Delhi rose from two hundred and thirty five thousand in 1975 to two million six hundred and twenty nine thousand in 1996! While in 1975 the number of vehicles in Delhi and Mumbai were about the same, by 1997, Delhi had three times the number of vehicles in Mumbai. Understanding the urgency of the situation the Ministry of Environment and Forests after much deliberation with concerned government agencies, NGOs, experts and citizens, produced a comprehensive Action Plan that prescribed a number of measures to combat Delhi's rapidly increasing pollution. It was quite clear that if the air in Delhi was to be cleared, vehicular emissions had to be addressed first of all in any strategy to control air pollution in the city. Earlier in 1995 the Centre for Science and Environment had succeeded in creating awareness among the people of the dangers of air pollution in Delhi. The CSE campaign called for a shift from use of diesel as fuel for vehicles in Indian cities towards Compressed Natural Gas. Eventually, in December 2002 the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) program was implemented. All public transport vehicles had to run on CNG only. Air quality in Delhi improved perceptibly yet there was still much scope for improvement. Five years later, by November 2007, an alarm went up again with annual average levels of reparable suspended particulate matter showing an upward swing the previous year. It was believed that the gains from the CNG program had been lost with all first generation options having been exhausted. Sunita Narain, Director CSE said strict measures needed to be taken with a second generation of reforms that would address new challenges. The rate at which the city was adding new personal vehicles each day to its roads doubled that of the pre-CNG days. However, the gravity of the situation was not lost on at least some members of the government and the Chief Minister of Delhi, Ms Sheila

History about Elizabethan theatre Research Paper

History about Elizabethan theatre - Research Paper Example Christopher Marlowe, Edmund Spenser, Sir Philip Sidney and William Shakespeare were a major influence on the progression of the Elizabethan Theater. William Shakespeare’s comedies and tragedies influenced the primary theoretical performances during their era. It is, therefore, imperative to assert that Elizabethan Theater exemplifies England’s structural, historical and theatre production principles that were shaped to a large extent by the influence of William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare’s limelight debut as a famous playwright was largely influenced by the death of Christopher Marlowe who was also influential in the molding of early theaters. At this time, he was famous for the play â€Å"Henry VI†. In 1954, when â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† and â€Å"Love’s Labour’s Lost† were performed, he became an icon in the theatre performance (Lee, 1898). Shakespeare influenced the Elizabethan Theater by determining the theme of the plays, drama and other performance as well as the role of different people in the theatre. During his time, playwrights, actors, and theaters owners acquired a new status of upper classmen in England, they got acknowledgment and rose higher in the society. Shakespeare lay the foundation for performance entertainment where comedies and tragedies were intertwined as more people were shifting from just wanting to watch comedies alone. The popularity of comedy and tragedy during Shakespeares er a led to a distinction between the two through a differentiation in their writing. Tragedy writers were guided by Aristotle’s definition of tragedy where a hero or heroine would be brought down by forces under their own control, but fate or through hubris. However, Romeo, Macbeth and Timon did not seem to adhere to this definition. Comedy was inspired by Plautus and Terence Roman "New Comedy". As such, comedies were happy tales about family affairs, domestic troubles and love but avoided politics (Arnold, 1989).

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Sociology - Essay Example The capabilities of a human have no limits. It may not be immediately understood, but can be realized through individual effort. So humans are capable of solving their own difficulties, attain their objectives, and achieve lasting happiness. They can even transcend the current state to reach higher states of awareness and ability. (1). Scientology makes use of celebrities to provide information and support their religious through. Actor Tom Cruise of â€Å"Mission Impossible† fame is an example of the use of celebrities. He has been actively crusading for scientology since 2005. He advocates the beliefs of the religion, like speaking out against psychiatry. John Travolta is another film celebrity making the rounds in favor of scientology. However there are accusations that many celebrities like John Travolta endorse the religion for financial benefits (2). Many of its critics claim that scientology is a sham. The main criticisms center on its money making racket with pressure on its members to contribute sums of money. Scientology has run into difficulties with law authorities in several countries. There have also been a number of cases filed by its members of mental and physical abuse. The judges in some of these cases have termed the religion as â€Å"corrupt, sinister and dangerous†. (3) Facebook was founded in 2004 by Mark Zukerberg and Dustin Muskovitz. Facebook is a website that uses English language for social networking to enable the spread of information. The spread of information among its users is similar to the manner in which it is done in the real world. There are many networks within facebook. Each individual network may be an individual school, or a company or a regional location. Each network is independent of the other, and only its members can pass information among themselves. Any individual with an e-mail address can become a member of a network, by getting authenticated into it. The advantage of facebook is that the amount of information

Case Discussion The Espresso Lane to Global Markets Study

Discussion The Espresso Lane to Global Markets - Case Study Example Therefore, it would be difficult to enter the German market due to declining consumption for the past 15 years. However much its consumption is projected to rise, it couldn’t be advisable to enter the German market. It would be challenging to sell Espresso in China since most Chinese patrons of premium coffee shops preferred lattes, cappuccinos and mochas to espressos which they considered bitter. Economic growth of a country determines its consumer’s purchasing power. It is therefore possible for Illy to enter all the discussed markets that is, Brazil, China, India, Japan, United Kingdom, the U.S and Germany. This is because their economies are developed meaning there is increased purchasing power parity. Economic growth is directly related to market maturity and concentration of coffee shops. India for instance had room for 5,000 cafes. This means that Illy could capitalize on the less concentration of coffee shops in India and enter the market. The UK had a high concentration of coffee shops, meaning there were more consumers. With high consumption, it would be profitable for Illy to enter the market, although it will face completion from Costa Coffee, a local brand in the UK. Illy would also face similar challenges in Brazil where the local brands were still strong (Alon & Lohwasser, 2012). Growth of the franchise sector is also a key driver for Illy before entry into the market. For instance, the poor economic conditions in Japan led to the flattening out of the franchising sector. This forced companies to adjust their concepts to local tastes and expectations in order to ensure success. This would affect Illy’s quality of coffee produced, not forgetting that Illy was obsessed with quality (Alon & Lohwasser, 2012). In China, foreign franchisees were not allowed to purchase directly real estate property located in China